The chances of contracting the disease increase with a greater time of exposure to asbestos, but even a brief exposure, such as a summer job working in construction, can result in the development of the condition, sometimes 30 to 40 years later.

During the 1970’s, many construction materials such as pipe or boiler insulation, fireproofing spray, ceiling tiles, transite siding, brakes and clutches contained asbestos. Workers in the following professions were typically exposed to asbestos: plumbers, pipefitters, shipyard or Navy personnel, electricians, mechanics, bricklayers, steel workers, maintenance workers. Many retired people are currently being diagnosed with the disease after working in these settings in the 1940’s, 50’s, 60’s, and 70’s.

In order to make a diagnosis of mesothelioma, a biopsy of the lung tissue must be examined microscopically by a qualified Pathologist familiar with the disease. Like most cancers, the chances for recovery depend on how early the disease is identified and how soon treatment is employed. If the disease is advanced, survival rate may be only 8 to 12 months. With early and aggressive treatment, the five year survival rate may be as high as 40%.

Types of Mesothelioma

"Pleural mesothelioma is cancer of the cells that make up the pleura, a membrane that lines the outside of the lungs and inside of the chest cavity."


Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Peritonial Mesothelima is cancer of the cells in the lining that make up the peritoneal area, otherwise known as the abdominal cavity.


Pericardial Mesothelioma
Pericardail mesothelima is cancer of the cells in the lining that surrounds the heart.

Treatment for the Different Types of Mesothelioma

Most forms of traditional treatment involve one or more of the following approaches:

1) Surgery-in which fluid may be drained from the lungs to relieve pressure or the entire tumor itself may be removed. A chest tube will typically be added for drainage after the procedure.
2) Chemotherapy-in which powerful medicines may be administered to either shrink the tumor prior to surgery or to destroy microscopic cells which may remain after the surgery. In some cases, chemo- therapy may be utilized to relieve symptoms such as pain.
3) Radiation therapy-in which penetrating beams of high energy particles are directed to the tumor to reduce its size or relieve pain.

As with most types of cancers or chronic disease, emotional support and information can improve survival rates. The American Cancer Society (1-800-ACS-2345), National Cancer Institute (1-800-4-Cancer) and Mesothelioma Aid (1-800-998-9729) are several resources which offer practical information and other tools which can aid the individual suffering from this disease receive necessary assistance.


Author:
Daniel Kane, PA-C is a physician assistant practicing in south Florida.

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